Role of risk of malignancy index 4 in evaluation of adnexal masses

Background: The discrimination between benign and malignant adnexal masses is important for clinical management and surgical planning in such patients. Various combined methods of evaluation adnexal mass have also been proposed. Risk of malignancy index (RMI) is a combined parameter which is simple, preclinical and highly sensitive, and more specific. Risk of malignancy index 4 (RMI 4) is calculated as a product of ultrasound score (U)×menopausal score (M)×CA 125×tumor size. Objective of this study was to determine if the RMI (RMI 4) can distinguish between benign and malignant adnexal masses.Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 30 women with an adnexal mass presenting in the OPD and emergency and RMI-4 calculated. Cut off level of 450 was set to differentiate between benign and malignant mass.Results: In this study, the value of RMI-4 is less than 450 in 17 patients with benign disease and 3 patients with malignant disease. The value is more than 450 in 2 patients with benign disease and 8 patients with malignant disease. RMI-4 >450 had a sensitivity of 72.73% and specificity is 89.47%. The positive predictive value is 80% and negative predictive value is 85%. The p-value for RMI-4 in this study is 0.001 which is highly significant.Conclusions: RMI is a reliable, simple, easy to use and cost-effective method in differentiating benign from malignant adnexal masses

Effect of processing on physico-chemical and functional properties of flours from cluster or guar bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) varieties

Guar bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) offers a potential source of vegetable protein and fibre, however, its utilization in food is yet to be explored. Along with the nutritional value, its effect on other properties of food is inevitable. Thus, the present study was carried to study the physicochemical and functional properties (water absorption index, water solubility index, foaming capacity, foaming stability, oil absoption capacity and gelling strength) of flours from different varieties of guar bean ( i.e. G 80, Ageta 112 and HG 365) and related to each other using Pearson correlation. Significant variations were observed in the chemical composition of flour from varieties of guar bean on processing. Germination of seeds increased the protein significantly and highest levels of increased protein content were observed in G 80 (+21.6%). Dehusking significantly increased (upto 5.9%) and extrusion processing reduced (upto 23.6%) the L* value significantly in flours from guar bean varieties. Germination increased while extrusion processing reduced the WAI and WSI. Dehusking, autoclaving and germination were observed to increase the foaming capacity significantly; however, extrusion processing markedly reduced the foaming properties of guar flours. Extrusion processing immensely affected the gelling properties of flour from guar bean varieties and lead to loss of gel formation properties. Pearson’s correlation determined a significant correlation between processing treatments and functional properties

A COMBINED ULTRASOUND AND CLINICAL SCORING MODEL FOR THE PREDICTION OF PERIPARTUM COMPLICATIONS IN PREGNANCIES COMPLICATED BY PLACENTA PREVIA

Introduction: Patients with placenta previa are at an increased risk of uncontrolled hemorrhage. Various clinical and ultrasound parameters can predict the risk of bleeding in these patients. Hence, the objective of our study is to develop a combined ultrasound and clinical scoring model for the prediction of peripartum complications in pregnancies complicated by placenta previa. Methods: Fifty singleton pregnant women with placenta previa who underwent cesarean delivery in our hospital were included in the study. We collected clinical and ultrasound data prospectively, and the score was given to each parameter, and total score correlated with the occurrence of peripartum complications. Clinical parameters included age, parity, history of dilatation and evacuation, previous cesarean delivery, history of placenta previa, antepartum hemorrhage, and ultrasound parameters included type of previa, no. of lacunae in placenta, uteroplacental hypervascularity. The peripartum complications noted were the need for blood transfusion, uterine artery ligation, and cesarean hysterectomy. Results: According to the composite scoring done, uterine artery ligation was needed in more than 50% of patients at a score of 9–10. It increased to 100% as the score increased to ≥11. At a score of ≥12, hysterectomy was needed in around 75% of patients, and 100% of patients needed a blood transfusion. Univariate analysis using the Pearson Chi-square test was also done to know whether individual parameters and peripartum complications were significantly related that is p<0.05 with one another. Conclusion: The scoring system may serve to predict peripartum complications in pregnancies complicated by placenta previa

Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with established coronary artery disease

Background:Vitamin D deficiency is widely prevalent in this part of the country, in spite of the fact that there is ample sunshine and the economic status of the people is good. Several studies have suggested possible link between vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular disease risk. Hence authors evaluated the patients with established coronary artery disease attending cardiology department of super speciality hospital, Government Medical College Jammu, for their vitamin D status. Methods:The study was conducted in the department of Biochemistry Government Medical College Jammu and data of established cases of coronary artery disease patients attending cardiology department of super speciality hospital, government medical college Jammu was analyzed for vitamin D levels during the period from January 2019 to February, 2020.Results: A total of 200 established cases of coronary artery disease comprising of 130 male patients and 70 female patients were analyzed in the study, out of 200 cases, 190 (95%) were found to be having low levels of vitamin D in their blood (<30 ngm/dl). 123 (94.6%) out of a total of 130 male patients had vitamin D deficiency as compared to 67 (95.7%) out of 70 females patients.Conclusions:The study has revealed a very high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in established cases of coronary artery diseases. More detailed prospective studies are required to unravel the association of vitamin D and its role in prevention of coronary artery diseases in the absence of well-established risk factors like smoking, Diabetes, Hypertension and dyslipidaemias

Recent Advancement Of Oral And Topical Drug Release For Microsponges: A Comprehensive Review

Dermatological conditions greatly disrupt patients lives and have a profound emotional impact. Topical therapy is essential for the treatment of these conditions. Traditional topical delivery methods cause over- or under-medication, which has negative consequences and lowers the effectiveness of treatment. For which, numerous traditional and innovative carrier systems are available for topical treatment against different skin conditions. One of the more innovative carriers in recent times is microsponge technology. Basically microsponges are porous microsphere-based polymeric, tiny, globular particles with a sponge-like shape and a sizable porous surface. The control drug release of Microsponges are achieved by preparing them through liquid-liquid suspension polymerization, Quasi -emulsion solvent diffusion technique with a variety of different types of polymers like Ethylcellulose, ERS 100, EL100, ES100, EC etc. This paper offers a comprehensive explanation of the innovative state-of-the-art at this time, important factors affecting the mechanism and efficacy of drug release from topically applied microsponges, and characterization techniques. These formulations increased patient compliance by offering site-specific medication delivery and reduction in irritability, greater stability, and increased therapeutic efficacy

A novel modified sine-cosine optimized MPPT algorithm for grid integrated PV system under real operating conditions

This research work presents a modified sine-cosine optimized maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm for grid integration. The developed algorithm provides the maximum power extraction from a photovoltaic (PV) panel and simplified implementation with a benefit of high convergence velocity. Moreover, the performance and ability of the modified sine-cosine optimized (MSCO) algorithm is equated with recent particle swarm optimization and artificial bee colony algorithms for comparative observation. Practical responses is analyzed under steady state, dynamic, and partial shading conditions by using dSPACE real controlling board laboratory scale hardware implementation. The MSCO-based MPPT algorithm always shows fast convergence rate, easy implementation, less computational burden and the accuracy to track the optimal PV power under varying weather conditions. The experimental results provided in this paper clearly show the validation of the proposed algorithm

A successful pregnancy outcome following embolisation for post modified Manchester Fothergill haemorrhage: an interesting case report

Genital prolapse is one of the most common disorder affecting women of varying age group; though it typically affects older and parous women. Malfunction of the pelvic support is the most common cause of this disorder. Increasing age and excess weight are established risk factors for pelvic organ prolapse.In young nulliparous women conservative surgery is preferred to preserve the fertility of the patient. The approach of surgery can be either vaginal or abdominal depending on the classification of prolapse. We reported a rare case of a 36-year-old P1L0 (IUFD1) A1 with cervical elongation who was apprehensive to have a child. She was managed at our institute and had a successful pregnancy outcome in spite of undergoing embolization for secondary haemorrhage following modified Manchester-Fothergill operation